What is the line between justice and revenge called? Or better put, when does justice become an act of revenge?

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Retributivists about punishment are keen to distinguish between retributive justice and revenge. They presumably distinguish between punishment as restribution -- where that involves inflicting punishment for wrongdoing because it is wrong and in proportion to is wrongness -- from punishment as revenge -- where that involves punishing indpendently of wrongfulness or out of proportion to wrongfulness. Still, even if a private citizen exacts proportional retribution that smacks of revenge, doesn't it? If so, revenge may sometimes involve a wrongful assumption of penal authority.

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